PENETAPAN VARIABEL JARAK SEMPADAN PANTAI UNTUK ANALISIS MULTI KRITERIA SPASIAL DI KOTA SERANG
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Abstract
Spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA) has been used by researchers to conduct research in geography. One of them is how to determine protected areas in an area, namely Serang City, Banten. This research aims to review what the determination of the coastal boundary distance variable looks like for the SMCA analysis process. The criteria were determined through a literature review, both in terms of applicable regulations and scientific articles.
Based on the results of the review, it was concluded that the coastal boundary variable is measured from the shoreline towards the mainland by 100 - 300 meters. The minimum criterion value is 100 meters, while the criteria values of 200 meters and 300 meters can be adjusted according to the level of hazard risk. The area along the north coast of Serang City bordering the Java Sea is included in the protected area. The area must be preserved and development restricted.
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References
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Calvin, K., Dasgupta, D., Krinner, G., Mukherji, A., Thorne, P. W., Trisos, C., Romero, J., Aldunce, P., Barrett, K., Blanco, G., Cheung, W. W. L., Connors, S., Denton, F., Diongue-Niang, A., Dodman, D., Garschagen, M., Geden, O., Hayward, B., Jones, C., … Ha, M. (2023). IPCC, 2023: Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, H. Lee and J. Romero (eds.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647
Hadi, M. A., Putri, N. A., Shofy, Y. F., Gafuraningtyas, D., & Wibowo, A. (2021). Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation Sebagai Pemodelan Spasial untuk Kesesuaian Pengembangan Kawasan Permukiman di Bogor Raya. Geomedia, 21. https://doi.org/10.22146/mgi.68048
Ho, W., Xu, X., & Dey, P. K. (2010). Multi-criteria decision making approaches for supplier evaluation and selection: A literature review. European Journal of Operational Research, 202(1), 16–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2009.05.009
Huang, I. B., Keisler, J., & Linkov, I. (2011). Multi-criteria decision analysis in environmental sciences: Ten years of applications and trends. Science of The Total Environment, 409(19), 3578–3594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.06.022
Liem, N. Van, Bao, D. Van, Bac, D. K., Cuong, N. C., Nga, P. T. P., Burkhard, B., & Chi, G. T. K. (2020). Assessment of shoreline changes for setback zone establishment from Son Tra (Da Nang city) to Cua Dai (Hoi An city), Vietnam. VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES, 42(4). https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/0/0/15410
Lincke, D., Wolff, C., Hinkel, J., Vafeidis, A., Blickensdörfer, L., & Povh Skugor, D. (2020). The effectiveness of setback zones for adapting to sea-level rise in Croatia. Regional Environmental Change, 20(2), 46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-020-01628-3
Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan RI. (2018). Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan No. 21 Tahun 2018 tentang Tata Cara Penghitungan Batas Sempadan Pantai.
Menteri Pekerjaan Umum. (2007). Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No. 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Pedoman Perencanaan Tata Ruang Kawasan Reklamasi Pantai.
Murray C. Simpson, Colleen S. L. Mercer Clarke, John D. Clarke, Daniel Scott, & Alexander J. Clarke. (2012). Coastal setbacks in Latin America and the Caribbean : a study of emerging issues and trends that inform guidelines for coastal planning and development. (IDB Technical Note: 476). Inter-American Development Bank (IDB).
Muzaky, M. H., Cahyono, A. B., & Nurwatik, N. (2022). Penentuan Lokasi Flood Shelter Menggunakan Analisis Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) (Studi Kasus : Kota Batu, Provinsi Jawa Timur). Jurnal Teknik ITS, 11. https://doi.org/10.12962/j23373539.v11i3.98442
Presiden RI. (1990). Keputusan Presiden No. 32 Tahun 1990 tentang Pengelolaan Kawasan Lindung.
Presiden RI. (2014). Undang-undang No. 1 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-undang No. 27 Tahun 2007 tentang Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-pulau Kecil.
Presiden RI. (2016). Peraturan Presiden No. 51 Tahun 2016 tentang Batas Sempadan Pantai.
Presiden RI. (2021). Peraturan Pemerintah No. 22 Tahun 2021 tentang penyelenggaraan Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup.
Putra, D. P. E., Atmaja, R. R. S., Setyawan, K. D., & Susatio, R. (2020). Anlisis Multi Kriteria Spasial untuk Evaluasi Rencana Pengembangan Perumahan di Godean, Yogyakarta. Jurnal Pengembangan Kota, 8(2), 163–176. https://doi.org/10.14710/jpk.8.2.163-176
Rochette, J., Puy-Montbrun, G. du, Wemaëre, M., & Billé, R. (2010). Coastal Setback Zones in the Mediterranean: A Study on Article 8-2 of the Mediterranean ICMZ Protocol. Institute for sustainable Development and International Relations.
Sanò, M., Jiménez, J. A., Medina, R., Stanica, A., Sanchez-Arcilla, A., & Trumbic, I. (2011). The role of coastal setbacks in the context of coastal erosion and climate change. Ocean & Coastal Management, 54(12), 943–950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2011.06.008
Septian, S. A., & Saputra, R. A. (2023). Spatial model of industrial area suitability using spatial multi criteria evaluation: A case study in Kendari City. Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability, 6(3), 214–226. https://doi.org/10.22515/sustinerejes.v6i3.259
Sui, L., Wang, J., Yang, X., & Wang, Z. (2020). Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Coastline Changes in Indonesia from 1990 to 2018. Sustainability, 12(8), 3242. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12083242
Sukardjo, S., & Pratiwi Rianta. (2015). Coastal Zone Space in Indonesia, Prelude to Conflict? International Journal of Development Research.
Vidyan, S., & Rahadian, A. (2018). Kajian Erosi dan Sempadan Pantai Potensial di Ekosistem Pesisir Kota Serang dan Kabupaten Demak.
Wolff, C., Bonatz, H., & Vafeidis, A. T. (2023). Setback zones can effectively reduce exposure to sea-level rise in Europe. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 5515. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32059-9
Zhu, X., Linham, M. M., & Nicholas, R. J. (2010). Technologies for Climate Change Adaptation, Coastal Erosion and Flooding. UNEP Risoe Centre on Energy, Climate and Sustainable Development.